By Reddi A.
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are osteotro-phic and osteoinductive cytokines. BMPs are pleio-tropic cytokines with activities not just on bone and cartilage but additionally on mind, tooth, epidermis, middle, lung, kidney, and a bunch of alternative tissues. They act on chemotaxis. mitosis, differentiation, telephone survival and telephone dying. The organic activities of BMPs are med-iated through binding to express BMP receptors forms I and II. there's a collaboration among the receptors and downstream substrates comparable to receptor-regulated R-Smads 1, five, and eight. The phosphorylated R-Smads accomplice with Co-Smad. Smad4. and input the nucleus to begin the transcription of BMP-responsive genes. Smad6 inhibits the task of variety I BMP receptor protein kinase. therefore, the BMP receptors supply a finely regulated homeostatic process with assessments and balances.
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Bei den ersten Versuchen wurde die gesamte Lichtenergie absorbiert, der Atmungseinfluß war damals noch nicht kompensiert. Das Ergebnis war: Verwandlung der absorbierten Strahlenenergie in erheblichem Ausmaß in chemische Energie, wobei die Zahl, nicht die Art der absorbierten Licht- Quanten den Ertrag bestimmte. Es wirkte, mit anderen Worten, rotes Licht wie violettes, trotz des Energie-Unterschiedes. Das "rote" Quant genügte, die Überschußenergie stärkerer Photonen trugen zum gemessenen Resultat nichts bei.
STRANGEWAYS, T. S. , and H. E. H. rays while gro~ng in vitro", Proc. Royal Soc. B 95, 373 (1923). SWANN, W. F. , and C. DEL ROSARIO: "The mecanism of the process of cell destructioll under bombardment of alpha particle radiation", Journ. Franklin Inst. 210, 778 (1930). SWANN, W. F. , and C. DEL ROSARIO: "The effect ofradioactive radiations upon Euglena", Journ. Franklin Inst. 211, 303 (1931). THOMPSON, W. , and R. HUSSEY: "The effect ofultra·violet radiation on amylase in solution", Journ. Gen.
Das geschieht durch Berücksichtigung biologischer Empfindlichkeitsvariation (MEISSNER u. ZUPPINGER) durch Einführung der Depotdichte und biologischer Wirkungswahrscheinlichkeit des einzelnen Treffers (JORDAN, LEA, KAPLAN, LANGENDORFF, SOMMERMEYER), Depotverteilung (GLOCKER, SOMMERMEYER), Zeitfaktor (RAJEWSKY, DÄNzER). Die so gewonnenen Ansätze und Gleichungen liefern ähnliche Deformationen, 1 Vgl. hier das Nähere in Kap. 4. 28 Biologische Quantenphysik. so daß es vorläufig oft nicht möglich ist, die experimentelle Kurve den theoretischen möglichen eindeutig zuzuordnen, also im Sinne RAJEwSKYS den physikalisch-theoretischen Gang dem biologischen anzupassen.
